USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -treaties of Brest-Litovsk, peace treaties signed at Brest-Litovsk (now in Belarus) by the Central Powers with the Ukrainian Republic (Feb. 9, 1918) and with Soviet Russia (March 3, 1918), which concluded hostilities between those countries during World War I.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia’s participation in World War I.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact was a non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union that enabled those powers to partition Eastern Europe between them.

Detailed explanation-4: -New START replaced the Treaty of Moscow (SORT), which was to expire in December 2012. It follows the START I treaty, which expired in December 2009; the proposed START II treaty which never entered into force; and the START III treaty, for which negotiations were never concluded.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was an exclusive protectorate treaty (German: Brotfrieden, “peace for bread") signed on 9 February 1918 between the Central Powers and the Ukrainian People’s Republic, recognizing the latter’s sovereignty.