USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The 1813 Battle of Medina is considered the first Texas revolution, and though unsuccessful on the part of the rebels-more than 1, 000 are presumed to have been killed, their families harassed and sent out of Texas-it served as just the first step in a war that culminated in the success of the 1836 rebellion.

Detailed explanation-2: -Spanish troops led by General José Joaquín de Arredondo defeated republican forces (calling themselves the Republican Army of the North), consisting of Tejano-Mexican and Tejano-American revolutionaries participating in the Gutiérrez–Magee Expedition, under General José Álvarez de Toledo y Dubois.

Detailed explanation-3: -The republican troops went south from San Antonio to meet Arredondo’s army, which had marched east from Laredo but ran out of water and was lured into a dense, sandy oak forest on the morning of the battle. Their defeat after a four-hour conflict put an end to the republic.

Detailed explanation-4: -After a furious four-hour battle involving infantry, cavalry, and artillery, the republicans broke ranks and ran. Most of those not killed on the battlefield were caught and executed during the retreat. The republicans were decimated. Less than 100 were able to escape alive.

Detailed explanation-5: -It started on Aug. 7, 1812, when Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara Y Uribe and Augustus Magee crossed the Sabine River flying the Emerald Green Flag of the First Texas Republic. Their band of approximately 300 freedom fighters called itself the Republican Army of the North.