USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Livestock came from Europe, including horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and chickens. Over time, new crops were introduced to the Americas, including wheat, rice, barley, oats, coffee, sugar cane, citrus fruits, melons and Kentucky bluegrass. The introduction of wheat was of particular significance.

Detailed explanation-2: -The exchange introduced a wide range of new calorically rich staple crops to the Old World-namely potatoes, sweet potatoes, maize, and cassava. The primary benefit of the New World staples was that they could be grown in Old World climates that were unsuitable for the cultivation of Old World staples.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Spanish discovered that wheat, Europe’s basic food crop, did poorly in tropical America where they first established colonies. Maize (corn), potatoes, beans, and other New World crops, however, eventually flourished in Europe and spread to the rest of the Old World.

Detailed explanation-4: -5. American plants have fascinated Europeans since 1492 as sources of food (maize and potatoes), medicine (cinchona and guaiacum), and profit (timber, tobacco, and cacao).