USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Calhoun, a native South Carolinian and the most effective proponent of the constitutional theory of state nullification. On July 1, 1832, before Calhoun resigned the vice presidency to run for the Senate, where he could more effectively defend nullification, Jackson signed into law the Tariff of 1832.

Detailed explanation-2: -At first Jackson and Calhoun seemed to work together more smoothly than Calhoun had with Adams, but that situation was short lived. They disagreed over policy, especially the policy of nullification.

Detailed explanation-3: -The biography for President Van Buren and past presidents is courtesy of the White House Historical Association. Martin Van Buren was the eighth President of the United States (1837-1841), after serving as the eighth Vice President and the tenth Secretary of State, both under President Andrew Jackson.

Detailed explanation-4: -Calhoun however was interested in returning to the Senate in order to participate in the debate over the scope of powers of the federal government. As the leading national politician from South Carolina, Calhoun had helped to shape that state’s challenge to national authority through the doctrine of nullification.

Detailed explanation-5: -In 1832, with only a few months remaining in his second term, Calhoun resigned as vice president and entered the Senate. He sought the Democratic Party nomination for the presidency in 1844 but lost to surprise nominee James K. Polk, who won the general election.