USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -In 1215, after King John of England violated a number of ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his subjects forced him to sign the Magna Carta, which enumerates what later came to be thought of as human rights.

Detailed explanation-2: -On June 15, 1215, in a field at Runnymede, King John affixed his seal to Magna Carta. Confronted by 40 rebellious barons, he consented to their demands in order to avert civil war.

Detailed explanation-3: -After first agreeing to the terms of Magna Carta, John reneged, asking the Pope to declare it invalid. On doing so, the betrayal ignited a civil conflict between the English Barons and the monarchy, dubbed the First Barons’ War, that lasted for two years, past John’s death and into the reign of his son, Henry III.

Detailed explanation-4: -English rulers often tried to ignore the Magna Carta. However, it was the beginning of significant limitations on the English monarchs’ power. As the monarch lost power, the nobles and, later, Parliament gained it.

Detailed explanation-5: -The English barons sought to protect themselves and the public at large from encroachments of royal authority. Among the main grievances against the king was that he demanded too much money from the people in taxes. The barons were also aware of the king’s waning power.