USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The power of ‘judicial review’ is conferred on the Supreme Court by the Indian constitution through article 13 . The law or executive order can be challenged in Supreme Court if: 1)It infringes the fundamental rights. 2)The authority which has enacted the law has exceeded its jurisdiction in that case.

Detailed explanation-2: -Seven fundamental rights were originally provided by the Constitution – the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to property and right to constitutional remedies.

Detailed explanation-3: -Article 12 to 35 contained in Part III of the Constitution deal with Fundamental Rights. These are: Right to equality, including equality before law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth, and equality of opportunity in matters of employment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Article 22(1) – Any person who is in custody has to be informed as to why he has been arrested. Further, he cannot be denied the right to consult an advocate. Article 22(2) – The arrested individual should be produced before a judicial magistrate within 24 hours of his arrest.