USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Free blacks faced their own obstacles-discrimination, restricted access to “colored schools, ” and lack of funds (or the willingness of white school boards to provide funds). Here we explore the educational pursuits of antebellum blacks in the South, the North, and the West.

Detailed explanation-2: -Many resisted slavery in a variety of ways, differing in intensity and methodology. Among the less obvious methods of resistance were actions such as feigning illness, working slowly, producing shoddy work, and misplacing or damaging tools and equipment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Escaped slaves faced a life of hardship, with little food, infrequent access to shelter or medical care, and the constant threat of local sheriffs, slave catchers or civilian lynch mobs. Plantation owners whose slaves ran away frequently placed runway slave advertisements in local newspapers.

Detailed explanation-4: -Historically, the church, the family, and the school are the three most critical institutions whose interactions have been responsible for the viability of the African American community (Roberts, 1980).

Detailed explanation-5: -The Civil Rights Act of 1964 hastened the end of legal Jim Crow. It secured African Americans equal access to restaurants, transportation, and other public facilities. It enabled blacks, women, and other minorities to break down barriers in the workplace.