USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -They valued more reason, science, religious tolerance over religious thinking. Hence, the Enlightenment thinkers encouraged the improvement of society through the use of reason. Therefore, the Option B is correct.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enlightenment thinkers were influenced by the Scientific Revolution. They believed that by applying reason and scientific laws, people could better understand both nature and society. Thus, they used natural laws to try and improve society – the relationship between the people and rulers.

Detailed explanation-3: -It was thought during the Enlightenment that human reasoning could discover truths about the world, religion, and politics and could be used to improve the lives of humankind. Skepticism about received wisdom was another important idea; everything was to be subjected to testing and rational analysis.

Detailed explanation-4: -The world was an object of study, and the Enlightenment thinkers thought that people could understand and control the world by means of reason and empirical research. Social laws could be discovered, and society could be improved by means of rational and empirical inquiry.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Enlightenment helped combat the excesses of the church, establish science as a source of knowledge, and defend human rights against tyranny. It also gave us modern schooling, medicine, republics, representative democracy, and much more.