MAKING OF A NEW NATION 1776 1800
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s writings inspired them to view practices like inherited privilege and absolute monarchy as irrational.
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Louis XVI’s speeches inspired them to view the national debt and tax rates as the most important issues of the time.
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Maximilien de Robespierre inspired them to believe that killing the king was necessary to legitimize the government.
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Napoleon Bonaparte’s victories inspired them to believe that a powerful central ruler was necessary to stabilize the country.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The ideas of the Enlightenment played a major role in inspiring the French Revolution, which began in 1789 and emphasized the rights of common men as opposed to the exclusive rights of the elites. As such, they laid the foundation for modern, rational, democratic societies.
Detailed explanation-2: -The Enlightenment influenced the French Revolution to a great extent by introducing new ideas that encouraged questioning of authority and religion, advancing people’s outlook on commodities, and forcing citizens to compare their need with the Republic’s needs.
Detailed explanation-3: -Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s thoughts and texts, such as the Social Contract, instilled the entitlement of basic human rights to all men. Rousseau’s concepts on rights combined with Baron Montesquieu’s ideas on government provided the backbone of a radical movement in the French Revolution known as the Terror.
Detailed explanation-4: -Rousseau was the least academic of modern philosophers and in many ways was the most influential. His thought marked the end of the European Enlightenment (the “Age of Reason”). He propelled political and ethical thinking into new channels. His reforms revolutionized taste, first in music, then in the other arts.