USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Oxen, horses and mules were the primary beasts of burden that pulled wagon trains west to the American frontier. Oxen were strongest, most pliant, required the least forage, but were slowest. Horses were not as strong and required more feed but were faster. Mules were in between but required less forage than horses.

Detailed explanation-2: -The covered wagon was one of the main methods of transportation, often drawn by oxen or mules. Wagons in the nineteenth century varied widely depending on what they were used for.

Detailed explanation-3: -Oxen were chosen over horses to pull the wagons because of their strength, and because they were noted for being easier to work. They were generally docile, gentle, easily guided by a child, and strong enough to lug heavy wagons over rough terrain.

Detailed explanation-4: -Horses were very expensive so most pioneers used oxen or mules to pull their wagons. Both were strong, steady and able to cross rough terrain. Most families coming to Sutter’s Fort chose oxen because they were cheaper than horses or mules, and they could be eaten if food ran out!

Detailed explanation-5: -Teams of 10 to 12 horses or mules or six yoked oxen typically were used to pull one of these wagons, with mules and oxen generally preferred. Ideally, several more animals would be kept in reserve to replace those that became lame or worn-out along the route.