USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -But over the three decades of westward emigration, oxen comprised half to three-quarters of the animals that pulled the wagons. Unlike horses, they were steadier, stronger, and less likely to be stolen by Native Americans.

Detailed explanation-2: -Oxen were both more pliable and durable than horses or mules. It was easier to sustain oxen on the trail as they were more content to forage on the grasses of the Great Plains, whereas horses and mules required grains (such as oats) for optimum performance, an expensive and heavy substance to haul along the way.

Detailed explanation-3: -With 10+ hour days ahead, most pioneers chose oxen to pull their covered wagons. So, what are oxen anyway? These were “working” domesticated cattle (like beef or dairy cattle) that were specifically trained to pull a load under a yoke. Steers were better than bulls at pulling wagons for their endurance and speed.

Detailed explanation-4: -Horses were very expensive so most pioneers used oxen or mules to pull their wagons. Both were strong, steady and able to cross rough terrain. Most families coming to Sutter’s Fort chose oxen because they were cheaper than horses or mules, and they could be eaten if food ran out!