USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -On this day in 1963, President John F. Kennedy became the first U.S. chief executive to have access to a direct link to the Kremlin in Moscow. The so-called hotline facilitated rapid communication between the White House and the Soviet leadership.

Detailed explanation-2: -Within a year, Kennedy and Khrushchev signed the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, the first disarmament agreement of the nuclear age. Also in 1963, the first “hotline” between Washington and Moscow was installed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Surprisingly, Khrushchev was willing to negotiate and make an agreement with Kennedy to promise no further invasions of Cuba and to remove the missiles in Cuba if the U.S. removes the missiles in Turkey and Italy. The main reason for the agreement was to prevent a nuclear war.

Detailed explanation-4: -In numerous books, movies, video games, etc., the hotline between Washington and Moscow is represented by a red phone, although the real hotline has never been a telephone line. A hotline telephone was depicted in the film Fail-Safe as the “Red 1 / Ultimate 1 Touch phone", and also in Stanley Kubrick’s film Dr.