USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Freedom Riders Facing violence from both police officers and white protesters, the Freedom Rides drew international attention. On Mother’s Day 1961, the bus reached Anniston, Alabama, where a mob mounted the bus and threw a bomb into it. The Freedom Riders escaped the burning bus, but were badly beaten.

Detailed explanation-2: -Malcolm X condemned whites, whom he referred to as the “white devil, ” for the historical oppression of blacks. He argued for black power, black self-defense and black economic autonomy, and encouraged racial pride.

Detailed explanation-3: -Along with the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 and the student lunch counter sit-ins of 1960, the Freedom Rides were one of the earliest demonstrations that Gandhian principles of nonviolence could prove effective in the American civil rights movement.

Detailed explanation-4: -Malcolm X was the most influential thinker of what became known as the Black Power movement, and inspired others like Stokely Carmichael of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale of the Black Panther Party.