USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Congress required former Confederate states to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment as a condition of regaining federal representation.

Detailed explanation-2: -For the Southern states, the requirements for readmission to the Union were also fairly straightforward. States were required to hold individual state conventions where they would repeal the ordinances of secession and ratify the Thirteenth Amendment.

Detailed explanation-3: -On July 9, 1868, Louisiana and South Carolina voted to ratify the 14th Amendment, making up the necessary three-fourths majority.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified on July 9, 1868. The amendment granted citizenship to those born or naturalized in the United States and guaranteed freedom, due process, and equal protection under the law to all Americans.

Detailed explanation-5: -As a result of some former Confederate states’ refusal to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress established military rule in the South.