USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Gen. Oliver Otis Howard as Commissioner of the Freedmen’s Bureau. Howard’s headquarters were in Washington, DC, but assistant commissioners, sub-assistant commissioners, and agents conducted the Bureau’s daily operations in the former Confederate states, the border states, and the District of Columbia.

Detailed explanation-2: -With the outbreak of the Civil War in early 1861, he became colonel of the Third Maine Regiment. He rose to the rank of general by the end of the conflict. After the Union victory in 1865, Howard became the commissioner of the Freedmen’s Bureau.

Detailed explanation-3: -Howard, in full Oliver Otis Howard, (born Nov. 8, 1830, Leeds, Maine, U.S.-died Oct. 26, 1909, Burlington, Vt.), U.S. Union officer in the American Civil War (1861–65) who headed the Freedmen’s Bureau (1865–72) to help rehabilitate former slaves during the period of Reconstruction.

Detailed explanation-4: -On March 3, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill creating the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. Known as the Freedmen’s Bureau, this federal agency oversaw the difficult transition of African Americans from slavery to freedom.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Freedmen’s Bureau, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War.