SETTLING NORTH AMERICA 1497 1732
NEW FRANCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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build a school and flour mill and provide a church and priest
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grant land to habitants, pay taxes and build a school
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grant land to habitants, build and operate a flour mill and provide a church and priest
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -The seigneur had to have a manor house built on the seigneurie and to live in it. He was also responsible for building and maintaining a wheat mill. The habitants, for their part, had to pay the seigneur taxes called “cens” – giving rise to the term “censitaire” applied to them – and rent, in money or farm products.
Detailed explanation-2: -Their primary duty was to cultivate the land and “have hearth and home” on it, that is, live there. If the land was not under cultivation within a year, the seigneur had the right to repossess it (the droit de réunion). Habitants also agreed to pay the seigneur various taxes.
Detailed explanation-3: -The seigneur in return was required by the crown to live upon the land, build a grist mill for the farmers, settle civil disputes and grant timber, hunting and fishing rights. The relationship between the lord and tenant, though hierarchical, was not at all like landlord-tenant relationships today.
Detailed explanation-4: -The seigneurial system was established in New France in 1627 and abolished in 1854. In this system, the seigneur divided his lands between censitaires (settlers, or inhabitants), who could then clear the land and exploit it, as well as build buildings there. Each portion of land was called a censive.