USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Chernobyl nuclear accident in April 1986 gave a major impetus to Mikhail Gorbachev’s announced policy of greater openness, or glasnost.

Detailed explanation-2: -He called them glasnost (’openness’) and perestroika (’restructuring’). 3. Perestroika aimed to revive the economy through decentralisation, weakening the power of Soviet central planners and allowing more local decision-making and some private ownership.

Detailed explanation-3: -The literal meaning of perestroika is “reconstruction", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system, in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Alexander Yakovlev, Head of the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, is considered to be the intellectual force behind Gorbachev’s reform program. Glasnost was taken to mean increased openness and transparency in government institutions and activities in the Soviet Union (USSR).