USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The power to amend the Constitution is only with the Parliament and not the state legislative assemblies. However, this power of the Parliament is not absolute. The Supreme Court has the power to declare any law that it finds unconstitutional void.

Detailed explanation-2: -But the 14th Amendment’s wording has emerged as a linchpin of key civil rights cases that have shaped our world. The myriad ways that jurists have interpreted it means that the 14th Amendment also has become the focus of more litigation than any other part of the constitution.

Detailed explanation-3: -Until this case, amendments via the power granted to the Parliament by Article 368 were considered final and outside the ambit of Article 13. However, in the Golaknath case, the Supreme court observed that an amendment to the Constitution was an ‘ordinary law’ and not a constituent law.

Detailed explanation-4: -Golaknath v. The Court held that the Fundamental Rights cannot be amended for the implementation of the Directive Principles. The Parliament reacted to the Supreme Court’s judgement in the Golaknath Case (1967) by enacting the 24th Amendment Act (1971) and the 25th Amendment Act (1971).