USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Conclusion: The Court held that the voters failed to carry their burden of proof in establishing a violation of the Equal Protection Clause from population variations alone. The total variation between the two districts was 9.9 percent, but the average deviation of all House districts from the ideal was 1.82 percent.

Detailed explanation-2: -The National Lawsuit The reapportionment created larger districts that, in the words of the court, diluted the voting strength of racial and ethnic minorities. In other words, it became much more difficult for minority populations to elect representatives to take their issues before the state legislature.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a separate dissent they agreed with the majority that the bonds had been sold illegally by the secessionist government, but agreed with Grier that the current state of Texas was not a state within the meaning of the Constitution.

Detailed explanation-4: -In a 5-to-3 decision, the Court held that Texas did indeed have the right to bring suit. The Court held that Texas had remained a state, despite joining the Confederate States of America and its being under military rule at the time of the decision.