USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tinker v. Des Moines is a historic Supreme Court ruling from 1969 that cemented students’ rights to free speech in public schools. Mary Beth Tinker was a 13-year-old junior high school student in December 1965 when she and a group of students decided to wear black armbands to school to protest the war in Vietnam.

Detailed explanation-2: -The substantial disruption test is the major standard developed by the U.S. Supreme Court in its seminal student speech K-12 decision Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) meant to determine when public school officials may discipline students for their expression.

Detailed explanation-3: -By deciding that school officials cannot censor student speech unless it materially and substantially disrupts the educational process the court set a precedent that is still cited in student free speech cases, including Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier and Morse v. Frederick.

Detailed explanation-4: -In 1969 the United States Supreme Court ruled in a 7-2 decision in favor of the students. The high court agreed that students’ free rights should be protected and said, “Students don’t shed their constitutional rights at the school house gates."

Detailed explanation-5: -Introduction. The 1969 landmark case of Tinker v. Des Moines affirmed the First Amendment rights of students in school.