USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Montesquieu concluded that the best form of government was one in which the legislative, executive, and judicial powers were separate and kept each other in check to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful. He believed that uniting these powers, as in the monarchy of Louis XIV, would lead to despotism.

Detailed explanation-2: -The power of the State must be absolute (complete, total) in order to keep men in awe, and tie them by fear of punishment to the performance of their covenants (moral agreements) with one another. Thomas Hobbes was one of the first English Enlightenment philosophers. He believed in a strong government based on reason.

Detailed explanation-3: -Baron de Montesquieu (1689-1755) is perhaps best known for his belief in the separation of governmental powers. Inspired by England’s Glorious Revolution and Constitutional Monarchy, Montesquieu believed that in an ideal state there are two types of governmental authority: the sovereign (King/President) and.

Detailed explanation-4: -Notably, few Enlightenment thinkers called for democracy as people understand the term today. Many intellectuals such as Voltaire believed that monarchy was the best way to advance social, political, and economic goals. However, the idea that citizens could hold their leaders accountable was revolutionary.