USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The House of Representatives votes 346 to 17 to approve citations of contempt against 10 Hollywood writers, directors, and producers. These men had refused to cooperate at hearings dealing with communism in the movie industry held by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).

Detailed explanation-2: -Communists in Hollywood were put on a blacklist During the second set of HUAC hearings in 1951, many of those subpoenaed used the Fifth Amendment to avoid self-incrimination, and some of them named names of those they believed to be communists.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Hollywood 10 was blacklisted by the House Un-American Activities Committee because they cited their first amendment rights and refused to admit whether they were communists.

Detailed explanation-4: -Of those 19, HUAC called 11 unfriendly witnesses to testify, the 10 who would become the Hollywood Ten (Alvah Bessie, Herbert Biberman, Lester Cole, Edward Dmytryk, Ring Lardner, Jr., John Howard Lawson, Albert Maltz, Samuel Ornitz, Adrian Scott, and Dalton Trumbo), plus German playwright Bertolt Brecht.

Detailed explanation-5: -The group, who became known as the Hollywood Ten, were voted in contempt of Congress in November and sentenced to prison for six months to a year. They were blacklisted by the Hollywood studios.