THE COLD WAR 1950 1973
THE COLD WAR
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Independent republics established democratic reforms and free market economics.
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The expensive arms race in the USSR became an enormous burden on the struggling economy.
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The Cold War ended, leaving the United States as the world’s sole superpower.
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Mass demonstrations for democracy put pressure on communist governments.
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Detailed explanation-1: -In August 1991, communist hardliners and military elites tried to overthrow Gorbachev and stop the failing reforms in a coup, but failed. The turmoil led to the government in Moscow losing most of its influence, and many republics proclaiming independence in the following days and months.
Detailed explanation-2: -Gorbachev’s decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and create a presidency for the Soviet Union began a slow process of democratization that eventually destabilized Communist control and contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Detailed explanation-3: -During 1989 and 1990, the Berlin Wall came down, borders opened, and free elections ousted Communist regimes everywhere in eastern Europe. In late 1991 the Soviet Union itself dissolved into its component republics.
Detailed explanation-4: -In Eastern Europe, the end of the Cold War has ushered in an era of economic growth and a large increase in the number of liberal democracies, but in other parts of the world, such as Afghanistan, independence was accompanied by state failure.