THE COLD WAR 1950 1973
THE COLD WAR
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The European powers trading colonies because to other countries because they could no longer afford to maintain them
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The process by which the European powers helped their colonies to gradually become self-sufficient and able to manage their own affairs
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The process by which colonies were lost during World War II
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The process by which colonies obtained their independence after World War II
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Detailed explanation-1: -decolonization, process by which colonies become independent of the colonizing country. Decolonization was gradual and peaceful for some British colonies largely settled by expatriates but violent for others, where native rebellions were energized by nationalism.
Detailed explanation-2: -Between 1945 and 1960, three dozen new states in Asia and Africa achieved autonomy or outright independence from their European colonial rulers. Harold MacMillan, British Prime Minister, helped begin decolonization. There was no one process of decolonization.
Detailed explanation-3: -The Second World War accelerated the movement toward decolonization. Japanese victories over the US, France, Britain and the Netherlands showed that the western countries were not invincible. To keep the loyalty of their largest colony during the war, the British promised independence to India.
Detailed explanation-4: -Nevertheless, in the three years after the end of the Second World War, India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon all achieved independence from the British Empire, with Malaya and Singapore (as an independent republic) to follow later in 1957 and 1965 respectively.
Detailed explanation-5: -The word “decolonisation” was first coined by the German economist Moritz Julius Bonn in the 1930s to describe former colonies that achieved self-governance. Many struggles for independence were armed and bloody.