USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/mænˈdɛlə/; Xhosa: [xolíɬaɬa mandɛ̂ːla]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid activist and politician who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nelson Mandela was an important person among the many that were anti apartheid. Members included Vella Pillay, Ros Ainslie, Abdul Minty and Nanda Naidoo.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mandela gave a speech urging South Africans to rise against apartheid. Meanwhile, a political coalition of African, Indian, mixed-race, and white groups under the ANC umbrella, called the Congress Alliance, issued a document called the Freedom Charter, which advocated for universal suffrage and rights.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hendrik Verwoerd (8 September 1901 – 6 September 1966) was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966. He was often called the “Architect of Apartheid”. Verwoerd’s government crushed this internal opposition.