USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -When the United Mine Workers in Pennsylvania went on strike in 1902, the crisis became serious enough that President Theodore Roosevelt stepped in to arbitrate a settlement. By arranging for labor and management to meet face-to-face, Roosevelt unofficially recognized the union for the first time.

Detailed explanation-2: -This strike was successfully mediated through the intervention of the federal government, which strove to provide a “Square Deal"-which Roosevelt took as the motto for his administration-to both sides. The settlement was an important step in the Progressive era reforms of the decade that followed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Roosevelt intervened, nationalized the mining industry, and commissioned armies to staff them. Roosevelt successfully ended the strike, but was criticized for violating his Constitutional authority in so doing. Roosevelt argued that ending the strike was his moral duty, and worth the breach of presidential duties.

Detailed explanation-4: -George Baer made the closing arguments for the coal operators, while Clarence Darrow closed for the workers. The Commission’s findings seemed to split the differences between mineworkers and mine owners. The miners asked for 20-percent wage increases, and most were given a 10-percent increase.

Detailed explanation-5: -What role did Theodore Roosevelt play in the coal strike of 1902? Roosevelt insisted that no one should own the miners. When the owners refused to arbitrate he threatened to send the army so they gave in. Roosevelt made sure the miners got a square deal.