USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -He uses a theory of natural rights to argue that governments have obligations to their citizens, have only limited powers over their citizens, and can ultimately be overthrown by citizens under certain circumstances. He also provided powerful arguments in favor of religious toleration.

Detailed explanation-2: -Government. Locke’s political theory was founded upon that of social contract. Unlike Thomas Hobbes, Locke believed that human nature is characterised by reason and tolerance. Like Hobbes, however, Locke believed that human nature allows people to be selfish.

Detailed explanation-3: -John Locke was the first significant proponent of natural rights. He famously asserted that everyone has the right to life, liberty, and property. Furthermore, no sovereign has the authority to infringe on another sovereign’s rights.

Detailed explanation-4: -Book I argues that we have no innate knowledge. (In this he resembles Berkeley and Hume, and differs from Descartes and Leibniz.) So, at birth, the human mind is a sort of blank slate on which experience writes. In Book II Locke claims that ideas are the materials of knowledge and all ideas come from experience.