THE ROAD TO REVOLUTION 1700 1774
THE AMERICAN ENLIGHTENMENT INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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most changes in government are dangerous.
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absolute monarchy is the most effective form of government.
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governments are instituted to protect citizens’ rights.
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Enlightenment philosophes such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote that the relationship between citizens and their government was a social contract.
Detailed explanation-2: -Enlightenment thinkers wanted to improve human conditions on earth rather than concern themselves with religion and the afterlife. These thinkers valued reason, science, religious tolerance, and what they called “natural rights”-life, liberty, and property.
Detailed explanation-3: -The Enlightenment led many people to think about their government and to consider ways in which it should be reformed. The relationship between the people and the state began to be envisioned as a social contract rather than one in which an authoritarian leader ruled his subjects without question.
Detailed explanation-4: -Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778). Jean-Jacques Rousseau stated that society should be ruled by the “general will” of the people. In other words, he believed in popular sovereignty – the right of the people to govern themselves. His work was dominated by the desire to find a way to preserve human freedom.
Detailed explanation-5: -Montesquieu wrote that the main purpose of government is to maintain law and order, political liberty, and the property of the individual.