USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ida Tarbell helped pioneer investigative journalism when she wrote a series of magazine articles about John D. Rockefeller and his Standard Oil Trust. She and other jour-nalists, who were called “muckrakers, ” aided Progressive Movement reform efforts.

Detailed explanation-2: -Muckrakers were journalists and novelists of the Progressive Era who sought to expose corruption in big business and government. The work of muckrakers influenced the passage of key legislation that strengthened protections for workers and consumers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The term muckraking was coined by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906, describing the crusading journalists who wrote stories in late nineteenth-century publications. Roosevelt took the word from the work The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan, written in 1678.

Detailed explanation-4: -Upton Sinclair, who wrote The Jungle, a book about meat-packing factories in Chicago. Jacob Riis, who took photographs of poor people’s living conditions in New York City. Ida Tarbell, who wrote books about John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil.

Detailed explanation-5: -Upton Sinclair published The Jungle in 1905 to expose labor abuses in the meat packing industry. But it was food, not labor, that most concerned the public. Sinclair’s horrific descriptions of the industry led to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act, not to labor legislation.