USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -In his own way, Francis Cabot Lowell was a genius–not a technical genius, but an organizational one. He conceived of the fully integrated factory, one that would take raw material in at one end and deliver a finished good out the other.

Detailed explanation-2: -This American industrial pioneer left as his legacy a manufacturing system, booming mill towns, and a humanitarian attitude toward workers. In just six years, Francis Cabot Lowell built up an American textile manufacturing industry. He was born in Newburyport, Massachusetts in 1775, and became a successful merchant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lowell improved upon the British version of the power loom and created the first fast and dependable loom in the United States. He also combined the processes of weaving and spinning and created the first integrated factory system where the entire process of spinning and weaving cotton into cloth was done in one place.

Detailed explanation-4: -Francis Cabot Lowell and his fellow investors of the Boston Associates founded the Boston Manufacturing Company (BMC) in 1813. By 1814, the first factory was operational.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Boston Associates soon started to replace them with poor immigrants who were willing to tolerate harsher conditions and lower pay. By 1860, one-half of Lowell’s mill workers were impoverished Irish immigrants.