USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -John Marshall (1755–1835), the fourth chief justice of the United States, served on the Supreme Court for 34 years. He is the longest serving chief justice in Court history. He remains one of the most honored members in Court history.

Detailed explanation-2: -With his decision in Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of judicial review, an important addition to the system of “checks and balances” created to prevent any one branch of the Federal Government from becoming too powerful.

Detailed explanation-3: -James Madison and John Marshall had a lot in common. Madison and Marshall were both Founding Fathers from Virginia and both owned estates that used slave labor. Madison and Marshall both were major forces at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and were on good terms with George Washington.

Detailed explanation-4: -In Marbury v. Madison (1803) and other landmark cases, Marshall asserted the Supreme Court’s authority to determine the constitutionality of the nation’s laws-a principle known as judicial review-and shaped the judicial branch into a powerful force in the U.S. government.

Detailed explanation-5: -President Johnson nominated Marshall in June 1967 to replace the retiring Justice Tom Clark, who left the Court after his son, Ramsey Clark, became Attorney General.