USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Men such as Andrew Carnegie believed in giving money to libraries, museums and schools to help benefit people who wanted to move up in the social ladder. The Pendleton Act of United States in 1883 decided that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit (test) instead of political affiliation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) was one of the most successful businessmen and most recognized philanthropists in history. His entrepreneurial ventures in America’s steel industry earned him millions and he, in turn, made great contributions to social causes such as public libraries, education and international peace.

Detailed explanation-3: -Many of the more successful entrepreneurs became known as ‘Captains of Industry’. Some called them ‘robber barons’ because of the ruthless tactics they used to destroy their competition and methods used to keep workers wages low.

Detailed explanation-4: -Which of the following best reflects the ideas promoted by Andrew Carnegie in the excerpt? The wealthy should engage in philanthropy that enriches the lives of others.

Detailed explanation-5: -In fact, it was wealthy tycoons, not politicians, who inconspicuously held the most political power during the Gilded Age.