USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron.

Detailed explanation-2: -The bessemer process reduces molten pig iron in so-called bessemer converters-egg-shaped, silica, clay, or dolomite-lined containers with capacities of 5 to 30 tons of molten iron. An opening at the narrow upper portion of the bessemer converter allows iron to be introduced and the finished product to be poured out.

Detailed explanation-3: -“Man of Steel” Henry Bessemer was born on January 19, 1813 in Charlton, Hertfordshire, England. The first to develop a process for mass-producing steel inexpensively, this son of an engineer was a prolific and diverse inventor throughout his life.

Detailed explanation-4: -Raw iron which contains carbon, sulphur, manganese and silicon. In this process, a pear shaped furnace called the Bessemer converter is used. The converter is internally lined by silica. Molten wrought iron, phosphorous and sulphur are mixed in converte and passed hot air through it.