WESTWARD EXPANSION INDUSTRIALIZATION URBANIZATION 1870 1900
AMERICAN INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT IN THE GILDED AGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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states cannot regulate international trade
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states cannot regulate freight traveling across state lines
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states cannot regulate freight within their borders
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states can only regulate manufacturing, not shipping
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Detailed explanation-1: -The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1886 that Illinois’ granger laws were unconstitutional because they attempted to control interstate commerce, which had been deemed a responsibility of the federal government by Gibbons v. Ogden (1824).
Detailed explanation-2: -Those laws were struck down in 1886, when the Supreme Court ruled in Wabash v. Illinois that the state of Illinois could not restrict the rates that the Wabash Railroad was charging because its freight traffic moved between the states, and only the federal government could regulate interstate commerce.
Detailed explanation-3: -The Granger Movement had started in the 1860s providing various benefits to isolated rural communities. State controls of railroad monopolies were upheld by the Supreme Court in Munn v. Illinois (1877).
Detailed explanation-4: -Supreme Court challenges to the Granger laws led to the enactment of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.
Detailed explanation-5: -In 1905’s Swift and Company v. United States, the Supreme Court held that Congress had the authority to regulate local commerce, as long as that activity could become part of a continuous “current” of commerce that involved the interstate movement of goods and services.