USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Oil refining is a process by which crude oil is processed and transformed into usable petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel and other heating oils.

Detailed explanation-2: -Fractional distillation. The primary process for separating the hydrocarbon components of crude oil is fractional distillation. Crude oil distillers separate crude oil into fractions for subsequent processing in such units as catalytic reformers, cracking units, alkylation units, or cokers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The most widely used conversion method is called cracking because it uses heat, pressure, catalysts, and sometimes hydrogen to crack heavy hydrocarbon molecules into lighter ones.

Detailed explanation-4: -Refineries can produce high-value products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel from light crude oil with simple distillation.