USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Andrew Carnegie gave his operations manager, Henry Clay Frick, permission to break the union before this deadline. Frick began by cutting the workers’ wages, which the workers protested by starting the Homestead Strike. In late June Frick locked them out and fenced off the plant. On July 2 he fired all 3, 800 workers.

Detailed explanation-2: -In retaliation for the wage cut, workers in and out of the union hanged effigies of Frick and the plant’s superintendent J.A. Potter. Using this show as an excuse, Frick ordered the erection of a 12-foot high, 3-mile long, barbwire-topped cement barricade around the plant.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tensions between steel workers and management were the immediate causes of the Homestead Strike of 1892 in southwestern Pennsylvania, but this dramatic and violent labor protest was more the product of industrialization, unionization, and changing ideas of property and employee rights during the Gilded Age.

Detailed explanation-4: -Frick grew disenchanted with Carnegie and became honorary chairman of the board in December 1894. Five years later, Carnegie abolished Frick’s position as chairman of the H. C. Frick Coke Company and the two went to court over the value of Frick’s interest.