WESTWARD EXPANSION INDUSTRIALIZATION URBANIZATION 1870 1900
SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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“Rewards of a booming economy should be distributed among citizens”
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“The Government should give assistance to people who can’t make it on their own”
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“Wealthy people make it because it’s survival of the fittest”
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“Wealthy people should help out the poor as much as possible”
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Detailed explanation-1: -William Graham Sumner became a leading proponent of Social Darwinism, arguing that the wealthy were rich because of natural selection and argued that their wealth was a social service. Sumner argued that hereditary wealth allowed the fittest to pass on their virtues to children.
Detailed explanation-2: -Herbert Spencer (27 April 1820 – 8 December 1903) was an English philosopher, psychologist, biologist, anthropologist, and sociologist famous for his hypothesis of social Darwinism.
Detailed explanation-3: -The social Darwinists-notably Spencer and Walter Bagehot in England and William Graham Sumner in the United States-believed that the process of natural selection acting on variations in the population would result in the survival of the best competitors and in continuing improvement in the population.
Detailed explanation-4: -Social Darwinists believe in “survival of the fittest”-the idea that certain people become powerful in society because they are innately better. Social Darwinism has been used to justify imperialism, racism, eugenics and social inequality at various times over the past century and a half.
Detailed explanation-5: -Social Darwinism is the application of Darwin’s theory of natural selection to society-specifically in economics and business in America. Social Darwinism was embraced by the nation’s wealthy upper class in the late 19th century to justify their accumulation of wealth and power.