USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -On January 19, 1946, MacArthur issued a special proclamation ordering the establishment of an International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE).

Detailed explanation-2: -The Nuremberg and Tokyo International Military Tribunals were created after World War II in order to try and punish the Nazi and Japanese leaders for their roles in launching aggressive wars and ordering or authorizing war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Detailed explanation-3: -The trials began in November, 1945 and on October 1, 1946, the IMT rendered its judgment on twenty-one top officials of the Third Reich. The IMT sentenced most of the accused to death or to extensive prison terms and acquitted three.

Detailed explanation-4: -On May 3, 1946, the prosecution opened its case charging the defendants with crimes against peace, conventional war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Like Nuremberg, the Allies established three categories: Class A: Charges against Japan’s top leaders alleging crimes against peace.

Detailed explanation-5: -When eight German spies on a sabotage mission were apprehended in the United States, President Franklin D. Roosevelt quickly created a military tribunal to try them and the Supreme Court upheld his actions as constitutional.