HISTORY
ABSOLUTISM AND REVOLUTION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Decisions and actions of governments should be based on past traditions.
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People should use reason and logic to understand the world.
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A strong military is necessary to keep society peaceful.
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Only God can grant an individual the authority to rule over others.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Rationalism. Rationalism, or a belief that we come to knowledge through the use of logic, and thus independently of sensory experience, was critical to the debates of the Enlightenment period, when most philosophers lauded the power of reason but insisted that knowledge comes from experience.
Detailed explanation-2: -Enlightenment thinkers were influenced by the Scientific Revolution. They believed that by applying reason and scientific laws, people could better understand both nature and society.
Detailed explanation-3: -The Scientific Revolution influenced the development of the Enlightenment values of individualism because it demonstrated the power of the human mind. The ability of scientists to come to their own conclusions rather than deferring to instilled authority confirmed the capabilities and worth of the individual.
Detailed explanation-4: -The Enlightenment, a philosophical movement that dominated in Europe during the 18th century, was centered around the idea that reason is the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and advocated such ideals as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government, and separation of church and state.