WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ali ‘s supporters, who believed that direct descendants of Muhammad were the only rightful leaders of the faith, would become known as the Shia (from “Shi’at Ali, ‘’ or “the party of Ali”).

Detailed explanation-2: -When Muhammad died in 632, he had not named a successor. One faction, the Shi’a, believed that only individuals with direct lineage to the Prophet could guide the Muslim community righteously. They thought that ‘Ali, Muhammad’s closest surviving blood male relative, should be their next leader (caliph).

Detailed explanation-3: -Shias believe that God always provides a guide, first in the direct descendants of Ali, known as Imams, and then ayatollahs, or experienced Shia scholars who are sought as a source of emulation. The sect splintered due to differences over the proper line of succession among Ali’s descendants.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prophet Muhammad’s(s.a.w.) bloodline continues only through his daughter Fatima Zahra and cousin Ali who alongside Muhammad’s(s.a.w.) grandsons comprise the Ahl al-Bayt. Thus, Shias consider Muhammad’s descendants as the true source of guidance.