GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Barnard argues that there are three elements necessary to establish a formal organization: a willingness to cooperate, a common purpose, and communication.

Detailed explanation-2: -His landmark 1938 book, The Functions of the Executive, sets out a theory of organization and of the functions of executives in organizations. The book has been widely assigned in university courses in management theory and organizational sociology.

Detailed explanation-3: -Barnard developed a theory of organization around the idea that it is a natural, cooperative system. Important aspects of his natural system theory include the Inducement-Contribution Theory, altering the motives of members to obtain cooperation and recognition of the need for legitimate authority.

Detailed explanation-4: -Barnard considered that there are three essential elements of organisation: A group of persons who are able to communicate with each other. A common purpose to be accomplished. Coordination and cooperation among group members for achieving the common purpose.