GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -This means that energy can’t be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. The second law of thermodynamics states that every energy transfer involves some loss of energy in an unusable form, such as heat energy, resulting in a more disordered system.

Detailed explanation-2: -Energy transformation is when energy changes from one type to another. While energy can be transferred or transformed, the total energy always remains the same.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is only possible to extract work when there is a temperature difference, so low-level thermal energy represents ‘the end of the road’ of energy transfer. No further useful work is possible; the energy is now ‘lost to the environment’.

Detailed explanation-4: -In all cases of energy transformation, some energy is transformed into thermal energy. Because this energy can often not be recovered in a useful way, this thermal energy is often considered to be wasted, or lost.