GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is Stomata. It is a process in which excess water is lost in the form of vapors from the aerial parts of the plant. Mainly through the stomates of leaves.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata regulate gas exchange between the plant and environment and control of water loss by changing the size of the stomatal pore.

Detailed explanation-3: -The structure of the stomata comprises a kidney-shaped epidermal cell along with an opening in the center called a pore. The stomata are bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells which are the guard cells. These are responsible for regulating the size of its opening, thereby saving the plant from water loss.

Detailed explanation-4: -A pair of guard cells surrounds each stoma, and these cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore between them. Guard cells regulate this opening and closing in response to a wide variety of environmental signals, such as day/night rhythms, CO2 availability, and temperature.