GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -The process of carbonation is also known as solution wherein atmospheric carbon dioxide after mixing with water forms carbonic acid which after reacting with carbonate rocks like limestoe forms calcium bicarbonate which is easily dissolved in water.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbonates and bicarbonates are salts of carbonic acid. They are polyatomic ions (containing two or more atoms). When a base is added, the carbonic acid is deprotonated and forms water and a bicarbonate salt.

Detailed explanation-3: -Reaction of the carbonic acid with the mineral consumes most of the H+ and liberates equivalent amounts of cations (Mg2+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-), which react to form the solid carbonate mineral magnesite (MgCO3).

Detailed explanation-4: -Carbonation is a process in which CO2 in the atmosphere is diffused into cement-based material to react with CH and form calcium carbonates. Carbonation will reduce the concrete pH, leading to a break of the steel’s protection layer bar and thus inducing corrosion of steel (Ekolu, 2016).