GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct option is b Fermi. Explanation:The credit of construction of first nuclear reactor goes to Fermi. On December 2 1942 Fermi reported having produced the first self-sustaining chain reaction.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enrico Fermi (Italian: [enˈriːko ˈfermi]; 29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian (later naturalized American) physicist and the creator of the world’s first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1.

Detailed explanation-3: -From 1942 to 1944, Fermi worked at the Metallurgical Laboratory of the University of Chicago. In a makeshift laboratory under Stagg Field Stadium, he designed and built the first nuclear reactor and led the epochal experiment that demonstrated the first self-sustained chain reaction.

Detailed explanation-4: -When scientists convinced President Roosevelt of this, Fermi was appointed to head a research team as part of a secret project to develop an atomic bomb. Fermi’s task, however, was to create a controlled nuclear reaction; that is, to split the atom without creating a deadly explosion.

Detailed explanation-5: -The pile was built by alternating graphite layers seeded with uranium metal and/or uranium oxide with layers of solid graphite blocks. The completed reactor contained 57 layers, which was about one layer beyond the critical stage needed to sustain the chain reaction.