GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -The soil in the Arctic is largely permafrost or soil that remains frozen year-round, leaving only a thin surface layer of thawed soil in summer for plant roots to grow in. Tundra soil is also scarce in many of the nutrients that plants need to grow.

Detailed explanation-2: -If you dig down through the arctic tundra, you’ll soon strike a rock-like layer of frozen soil. Even on the warmest summer day, this permafrost layer lies anywhere from a few inches to a few feet below the tundra surface, never thawing.

Detailed explanation-3: -The tundra biome is characterized by extremely low temperatures, little nutrients, short growing season, low precipitation, and presence of permafrost. Permafrost is a layer of frozen soil and plant matter that is permanently frozen all year round.

Detailed explanation-4: -Permafrost plays an essential role in the Arctic ecosystem by making the ground watertight and maintaining the vast network of wetlands and lakes across the Arctic tundra that provide habitat for animals and plants.