GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Permafrost is any ground that remains completely frozen-32°F (0°C) or colder-for at least two years straight. These permanently frozen grounds are most common in regions with high mountains and in Earth’s higher latitudes-near the North and South Poles. Permafrost covers large regions of the Earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Permafrost (permanently frozen ground) in the Arctic is highly variable geographically because differences in climate, topography, and soil properties interact in different ways to affect its formation and persistence.

Detailed explanation-3: -Just as a puddle of water freezes on a frigid winter night, water that is trapped in sediment, soil, and the cracks, crevices, and pores of rocks turns to ice when ground temperatures drop below 32°F (0°C). When the earth remains frozen for at least two consecutive years, it’s called permafrost.

Detailed explanation-4: -Among the settlements remaining on permafrost, 42% are in high hazard zones, where the consequences of permafrost thaw will be most severe. In total, 3.3 million people in the ACPR live currently in settlements where permafrost will degrade and ultimately disappear by 2050.