GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

Detailed explanation-1: -Warfare intensified after the Catholic Church began the Counter-Reformation against the growth of Protestantism in 1545. The conflicts culminated in the Thirty Years’ War, which devastated Germany and killed one third of its population, a mortality rate twice that of World War I.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the late 1960s, Catholics held civil rights demonstrations, to which the Protestant government responded with violence, setting in motion a cycle of rioting and tit-for-tat sectarian violence in cities such as Belfast and Derry/Londonderry. In 1969, the British military intervened to keep the rioting factions apart.