HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -When the stomata close, CO2 levels drop and oxygen (O2) levels increase (byproduct of photosynthesis). This imbalance in CO2/O2 results in an efficiency decrease because oxygen is now being fixed by our enzyme (rubisco) to that five-carbon compound instead of carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stomata remains close during the day time to prevent the loss of water by transpiration. They store the CO2 in their cells until the sun comes out and they can carry on with photosynthesis during the day time.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water stress, high temperatures, and high carbon dioxide concentration causes stomata to close. Figure 17.1.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants lose the majority of their water through stomata. Thus, they close their stomata at night to prevent excess loss of water through them. Stomata can not be closed in the daytime, because the plant has to intake carbon dioxide for the process of photosynthesis.