HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The basal land plant Marchantia polymorpha efficiently propagates in favourable environments through clonal progeny called gemmae. Gemmae develop in cup-shaped receptacles known as gemma cups, which are formed on the gametophyte body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gemma cups arise from specialised green, multicellular asexual buds called gemma. They are receptacles present on thallus that get detached from parent body to produce new individuals. These receptacles are found in Marchantia.

Detailed explanation-3: -Marchantia reproduces asexually by gemmae, which are asexual buds. They are formed in the receptacles known as gemma cups. Gemma cups are present on the dorsal surface, near the midrib of the gametophytic thalli. Gemmae are multicellular, green and haploid tissue.

Detailed explanation-4: -In mosses and liverworts In liverworts such as Marchantia, the flattened plant body or thallus is a haploid gametophyte with gemma cups scattered about its upper surface. The gemma cups are cup-like structures containing gemmae.

Detailed explanation-5: -Thus, the floor cells have the capability to produce clonal plantlets. Gemma cups are formed periodically along the dorsal midrib of a thallus.